Devotional for General Conference Session
July 1, 2005
by Richard M. Davidson,
Andrews University Theological Seminary
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Introduction
This morning I would like to remind you of a group of powerful and prominent leaders in the Bible. Because they were so prominent in Israel's history, no doubt you will all recognize their names: Shammua, Shaphat, Igal, Palti, Gaddiel, Gaddi, Ammiel, Sethur, Nahbi and Guel. These are household names on the tongue of every Seventh-day Adventist,right? Hardly. I have yet to find a group of SDA's who can identify these names as I read them. But if I add the last two names of the list, the other ten come into clear focus: the last two names are Caleb and Joshua. Yes, these are the names of the twelve spies sent out by Moses under the command of God to survey the land of Promise (Num 13:4-16). It's astounding: twelve princes, each the head of his tribe, governing thousands of men (Num 13:3). Yet the names of ten are lost in obscurity in a list tucked away in the book of Numbers, while two are still household names, immortalizations of greatness and fame. Ten leaders were a dismal failure, dragging a whole generation down with them, but two, Caleb and Joshua, were paragons of victory and success. What made the difference?
The Story of Joshua
The Ten Spies and Unfaithful Israel+No Rest
The ten spies represented the majority-spirit of the wilderness generation of Israel, of whom God said, "How long will these people reject Me? And how long will they not believe Me, with all the signs which I have performed among them?" (Num 14:11). Against this generation, including the ten spies, the Lord in righteous indignation "took an oath, saying, 'Surely not one of these men of this evil generation shall see that good land of which I swore to give to your fathers'" (Deut 1:34-35). Hundreds of years later the Psalmist remembered this incident and wrote: "Today, if you will hear his voice, do not harden your hearts, as in the rebellion, as in the day of trial in the wilderness, when your fathers tested Me; they tried Me, though they saw My work. For forty years I was grieved with that generation, and said, 'It is a people who go astray in their hearts, and they do not know My ways.' So I swore in My wrath, 'They shall not enter My rest'" (Ps 95:7-11).
Caleb and Joshua+Enter God's Rest
In contrast to the rebellious ten spies and the general population of Israel they represented, God spoke glowingly of Caleb, that "he had a different spirit in him and has followed Me fully" (Num 14:24); "to him and his children I am giving the land on which he walked, because he wholly followed the Lord" (Deut 1:36). Likewise of Joshua, God promised, "Joshua, the son of Nun, who stands before you, he shall go in there. Encourage him, for he shall cause Israel to inherit it" (Deut 1:38). Joshua had the same faithful spirit as Caleb, and before Moses died, Joshua was anointed to replace Moses as Israel's visible leader. Joshua the able general, humble prime minister, and faithful scout, became Moses' successor, to lead the children of Israel into rest in the Promised Land.
On the borders of Canaan, God had promised Israel through Moses, "For as yet you have not come to the rest [menuchah] and the inheritance which the LORD your God is giving you. But you will cross the Jordan and settle in the land the LORD your God is giving you as an inheritance, and He will give you rest [nuah] from all your enemies around you so that you will live in safety" (Deut 12:9, 10). After Moses died, God repeated the same promise through Joshua as he began his ministry as Israel's leader: "Remember the word which Moses the servant of the LORD commanded you, saying, 'The LORD your God is giving you rest [nuach] and is giving you this land'" (Josh 1:13).
Reliving the Story of Joshua's Pilgrimage toward Rest
Just ten years ago, I was engaged in writing the Sabbath School quarterly on the book of Joshua. As part of my attempt to grasp the profound meaning of the stories in that exciting book of the Bible, I took advantage of a 2 ½ -month teaching assignment in Israel with seminary students to visit all of the major geographical locations associated with the life of Joshua. We traveled the route the Israelites took from Egypt. We stopped at the thick groves of palm trees and lush gardens at the oasis of Rephidim, some 25 miles NW of Mt. Sinai, where the Bible first introduces us to Joshua, the brilliant general, engaged in conquering the Amalekites, as Moses stood on a hill above the oasis with arms upheld by Aaron and Hur. I thought of the character of this man Joshua, whom Ellen White describes as "Courageous, resolute, and persevering, prompt, incorruptible, unmindful of selfish interests in his care for those committed to his charge, and above all, inspired by a living faith in God" (PP 481).
We climbed majestic Mt. Sinai, and I imagined Joshua, now Moses' minister, climbing Jebel Musa (the Mountain of Moses) along with Moses on one of his ascents (Exod 24:13), and remaining there for forty days and nights.
During that extended tour of the Holy Land ten years ago, I also visited the Valley of Eshcol and the city of Hebron, where Joshua and the other spies went to spy out Canaan, and brought back the fruit of the land. Somewhat similar to Joshua, I took my life in my hands visiting that area in the height of the Arab "intifada" or uprising; one of my students and I were the only tourists in the entire city filled with gun-toting Arabs and Israelis. On the Arab bus traveling to Hebron through the valley of Eshcol, the Arab vineyard-owner I was sitting beside boasted that the vineyards in this valley grew the biggest and sweetest grapes in the world! He was not exaggerating, for on my first trip to Israel, which came during the season of ripe grapes, I had the good fortune to actually sample grapes from the Valley of Eshcol. Just like in the story of the 12 spies in Numbers 13, the grapes were actually as big as the size of plums, and I had to use two hands to lift up a cluster of those wonderfully tasting purple jewels!
Our group of seminary students also traveled the route from Mt. Sinai to the borders of the Promised Land, where the children of Israel wandered for forty years. We crossed the Jordan at approximately the same place as Israel crossed under the leadership of Joshua. We traveled to the site of ancient Jericho, and from the top of the tel (the ancient mound of the city ruins), I envisioned the joy of Israel after that shout of victory and the conquest and destruction of the city. Then came the privilege of retracing the footsteps of Joshua and his army as they conducted their military conquests and "the Lord fought for Israel" (Josh 10:14, 42; 11:8). Joshua 12 lists 31 kings defeated by Joshua whose land they possessed throughout Canaan, and we visited most of those cities. Under the power of God Israel's army had broken the back of enemy resistance, and the record states that "the land had rest from war" (Josh 11:23).
After dividing the inheritance among the twelve tribes (Josh 13-21), the author of Joshua writes this powerful and thrilling summary:
So the LORD gave Israel all the land he had sworn to give their forefathers, and they took possession of it and settled there. The LORD gave them rest [menuchah] on every side, just as he had sworn to their forefathers. Not one of their enemies withstood them; the LORD handed all their enemies over to them. Not one of all the LORD's good promises to the house of Israel failed; every one was fulfilled (Josh 21:43-45; cf. 22:4; 23:1).
The people of God had entered His rest! True, they had many battles yet to fight before they would actually possess the land in all its fulness; yet in a real sense the promise of rest in the land of milk and honey was already being fulfilled as they had trusted in God's promise. What a marvelous story is that of Joshua!
Joshua Typology
But the story of Joshua leading Israel into God's rest is not just a story of a people long ago and far away. It is our story!
Old Testament Hints
In the book of Joshua and elsewhere in the OT there are indicators that Joshua was a type of Christ. The evidence already appears in Joshua's name! His name originally was Hoshea, meaning "salvation." But in Num 13:16, we find that Moses, apparently under God's direction, changed his name to Joshua, Yehoshua, or in its shortened form, Yeshua "The Lord [Yahweh] is salvation. The name Joshua is a departure from all other names given to men appearing thus far in Scripture. Look all through the Pentateuch, including Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, and the first half of Numbers. There is no man's name like it up to his time (although many similar names come later in the biblical record). It is the first theophoric name for a man in the Bible, that is, the first record of the divine name (Yahweh) becoming part of a man's name. It seems to be no accident that the first man to whom this divine-human kind of name is given by God is Joshua, as a hint of the special mission of the one (or One) bearing this name in uniting man and God. The name highlights the "Immanuel principle",God with us!
With our modern language distinction between the names Joshua and Jesus, it is difficult for the full force of Joshua's name to sink in. But in Hebrew and Greek Joshua and Jesus are one and the same name, (Hebrew) Yeshua, (Greek) Iesous. Joshua bears the very name of the Messiah! It does not appear co-incidental that God inspired Moses to give to Joshua the very name reserved from all eternity for the coming Messiah.
The unique character of Joshua's connection with the mission of the Son of God is also dramatically revealed in the Pentateuch by comparing the work assigned by God to Joshua with the work of the pre-existent Christ, who in Old Testament times is often called the "Angel of the Lord." The descriptions of Joshua's mission and that of the "Angel of the Lord" contain numerous parallel expressions, using exactly the same Hebrew words. Both Joshua and the Angel of the Lord were to "cross over before" and "go before" Israel and "bring them into the land" and "cause them to inherit" it (compare Exod 23:23; Num 27:17, 21; Deut 3:28; 31:3, 23; ). The comparisons are clear in their message: Joshua is doing the same work as the Angel of the Lord, the same work as Christ!
We could look at many other Old Testament hints that Joshua is a type of Christ, but perhaps the most explicit Old Testament indicator that Joshua is a type of the Messiah is found in Isa 49:8. Isaiah records God's description of the work of the coming Messiah: "to cause them [God's people] to inherit the desolate heritages." Here Isaiah uses the same Hebrew expression that we find repeatedly employed to describe the work of Joshua (see Deut 31:7; Josh 1:6; etc.). Thus the inspired writer indicates that Joshua in his mission of causing ancient Israel to inherit the land of Canaan, is a type of the Messiah in His work of causing spiritual Israel to inherit the antitypical land of Canaan.
As we have already noted, the Psalmist in Ps 95 alludes to a future Messianic fulfillment of the Joshua typology as he writes: "Today, if you will hear his voice, Do not harden your hearts, as in the rebellion, As in the day of trial in the wilderness, When your fathers tested Me; They tried Me, though they saw My work. For forty years I was grieved with that generation, And said, 'It is a people who go astray in their hearts, And they do not know My ways.' So I swore in My wrath, 'They shall not enter My rest'" (Ps 95:7-11). The fact that the Psalmist speaks of a "today" after the time of Israel's wilderness wanderings in which people can avoid hardening their hearts, and can enter the rest promised to those who believed, implies that Joshua had not been able to lead Israel fully into the ultimate spiritual rest+there remained a future spiritual fulfillment of the promise for those who believed.
New Testament Verification
In the New Testament, the apostle in the book of Hebrews makes clear what was implied in Psalm 95 and the other OT passages that Joshua was a type of Christ. Heb 4:8-9 pinpoints the typological connection: "For if Joshua [KJV mistakenly has 'Jesus' here since in the Greek the two names are identical] had given them rest, then He [God] would not afterward have spoken of another day. There remains therefore a rest for the people of God." The relationship between Joshua and Jesus described here indicates that Jesus is the antitypical Joshua, accomplishing in the antitype what was only partially fulfilled in the type.
In the New Testament Joshua typology finds its basic literal fulfillment in connection with Jesus' first advent. As Joshua led Israel to Canaan after forty years (Josh 1-5), so the new Joshua entered heavenly Canaan after forty days (Acts 1:3, 9-11; Heb 1-2). It was no coincidence that Jesus remained here on this earth just forty days after His resurrection. He was consciously following in the steps of Old Testament Joshua, a day for a year, and at the end of the forty days in the wilderness of this earth, He ascended to the heavenly Canaan as the "captain" or "pioneer" of our salvation (see Heb 2:10). Just as Joshua conducted the conquest of Israel's enemies (Josh 6-12), so Jesus leads out in the conquest of our spiritual enemies (Col 2:15). Just as Joshua appointed an inheritance for Israel (Josh 1:6; 13-21), so the New Joshua, Jesus, receives and appoints an inheritance for His saints (Heb 1:4; 9:15). Just as the major goal of Joshua was to bring rest to the people of Israel (Josh 1:13-15; 14:15; 21:44; 22:4; 23:1; etc.), so the antitypical Joshua said to His disciples, "I will give you rest" (Matt 11:28; see Heb 4:8, 9).
Entering God's Rest Today
In the time that remains in our devotional this morning, I want to focus upon the aspect of Joshua typology involved with entering God's rest, what it means to enter God's rest.
Faith and Entering God's Rest
First, we must ask, Why did most of ancient Israel in the wilderness not enter God's rest? As we have already seen from the book of Numbers, God says it was because they refused to believe, because they allowed their hearts to become hardened through rebellion against Him! The author of Hebrews draws out the implication for us today:
Beware, brethren, lest there be in any of you an evil heart of unbelief in departing from the living God; but exhort one another daily, while it is called 'Today,' lest any of you be hardened through the deceitfulness of sin. . . .And to whom did He swear that they would not enter His rest, but to those who did not obey? So we see that they could not enter in because of unbelief (Heb 3:12-13, 18-19).
In contrast to the spirit of unbelief disqualifying ancient Israel from entering God's rest, a willingness to trust God's word characterized the lives of Caleb and Joshua, and their families, who claimed God's promise by faith and entered His rest. That promise still stands for God's people today!
Hear the word of the Lord in Heb 4:1,3: "Therefore, since a promise remains of entering His rest, let us fear lest any of you seem to have come short of it. . . .For we who have believed do enter that rest."
Enter God's Rest Now!
For Old Testament Israel in the wilderness, entering God's rest referred to their entry into the land of Canaan and being given victory over their enemies. I used to think that the typological fulfillment of entering God's rest, like Caleb and Joshua and faithful Israel, would take place only in the future when we enter Heavenly Canaan after the Second Coming. And as we will see later, that is true in the ultimate sense. But according to the book of Hebrews, we can by faith already enter God's rest in Canaan! As we have just quoted from Hebrews: "For we who have believed do enter that rest" (Heb 4:3). The verb here is the present continuous tense,"are entering" that rest. We may be experiencing it now by faith!
Sabbath Rest and Righteousness by Faith
What actually is involved in God's rest? The apostle who penned the book of Hebrews,whom I believe was none other than Paul himself,grasped the deep spiritual insights of the Old Testament regarding God's rest. In sharing his epistle with the Jewish Christians to whom he was writing, pleading for them not to forsake Jesus, He unfolds the meaning of God's rest. In the Greek translation of the Old Testament which Paul was quoting from in addressing his Greek-speaking Jewish audience living outside of Israel, the same word for "rest" that appears in Joshua for the rest in Canaan (katapau‹), is used of God's rest from His work on the seventh day of creation week (Gen 2:1).
The apostle elaborates upon the implication that emerges from the first mention of God's rest in Gen 2. God rested by ceasing from his works on the Sabbath, and invited Adam and Eve to rest on that first Sabbath. From what were Adam and Eve resting? From their own works? No, they had just been created only hours before. They were resting in God's finished work! Thus even before sin, there is a profound inference of the principle of righteousness by faith. And Paul draws the implication for believers in his day: "There remains a rest [sabbatismos, sabbath-rest] for the people of God. For he who has entered His rest has himself also ceased from his works as God did from His" (Heb 4:9-10). Every Sabbath, as we rest from our work, we proclaim our experience of righteousness by faith, that we trust not in our own works, but in the finished work of Christ in our behalf! The Sabbath becomes the outward sign of the "rest of grace" (7BC 928) that believers in Christ the New Joshua may experience all week long.
Personal Experience with "Rest in Christ"
The precious thought that we can "rest in Christ" by faith and have assurance of our acceptance with Him is wonderful news! It is almost too good to be true. And I dared not believe it even as a theology major in college, as a Seminary student, and as a young pastor. Such statements as the following kept ringing in my ears: "Those who accept the Saviour, however sincere their conversion, should never be taught to say or to feel that they are saved." (COL 155; cf. 1 SM 314) I didn't understand that Ellen White was refuting the erroneous belief of "once saved always saved"; I thought she was stating that I could never have present assurance of salvation, that I could never have the peace of knowing that I had entered His rest. How tragic that I did not see in the very same paragraph God's assurance that we can "give ourselves to Christ and know that he accepts us"! (COL 155)
For several years as a young pastor I preached sermons full of Christ yet devoid of assurance that I am resting in Him. But finally, through a chain of marvelous providential leadings, the simplicity and beauty of the gospel began to dawn before my eyes. I was "surprised by joy" with the clear Scriptural testimony that I could really have the assurance of entering His rest. This experiential grasping of the truth of justification by faith I will ever treasure as the most precious chapter of my life.
The sublime promises jumped out at me from Scripture: "Truly, truly I say to you, he who believes has eternal life." (Jn 6:47) "I write this to you who believe in the name of the Son of God, that you may know that you have eternal life." (1 Jn 5:13; cf. vs. 11-12). "Come unto Me, all you who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest" (Matt 11:28). I found the same glorious revelation in the statements of Ellen White: "If you give yourself to Him, and accept Him as your Saviour, then sinful as your life may have been, for His sake you are accounted righteous. Christ's character stands in place of your character, and you are accepted before God just as if you had not sinned." (SC 62) "Our part is, by believing His word, to find rest in Christ Jesus. His words are spirit and life. In believing them there is rest and peace" (SpTB03b 5.5).
The marvelous news that I was "accepted in the beloved" (Eph 1:6), that Christ is my righteousness, that I can truly rest in His grace, brought to my soul a joy and peace to my heart. Since that experiential introduction to the message of gospel assurance as a young pastor, the beauty of righteousness by faith, of resting in Christ by faith, has grown ever more precious. Contrary to what I once thought, the message of confidently resting in Christ's righteousness does not lead to cheap grace. Rather "its fruit is unto holiness" (1 SM 359; cf. Rom 6:22). I have found true in my own experience that only as I trust wholly in the merits of my Substitute and Surety can I truly obey God in the spirit as well as in the letter. Before internalizing the good news of justification by faith, I had tried to "depend upon watchfulness against temptation, and the performance of certain duties for acceptance with Him", and discovered that indeed "there are no victories in this kind of faith." Then came the glorious revelation: "There is need of constant watchfulness, and of earnest, loving devotion; but these will come naturally when the soul is kept by the power of God through faith....God will accept every one that comes to Him, trusting wholly in the merits of a crucified Savior. Love springs up in the heart....Duty becomes a delight, and sacrifice a pleasure." (1 SM 353-4) Elsewhere Ellen White writes:
Let us show sincere repentance, and the Lord will pardon our transgressions and forgive our sins. Power will come to us through connection with Christ. The conscience will find rest in Christ. He is "the Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of the world." As we believe him, we are changed into his likeness. His image is engraved on the heart. His love is reflected to the world in our words and deeds. Thus is revealed to the world the power that truth has to sanctify the receiver. Under the bright, glorious beams of Christ's righteousness, the human soul is made pure and holy (SW, July 9, 1903 par. 2).
I am thankful that my assurance of resting in Christ is not dependant upon my feelings. I cannot look within myself for evidence of my acceptance with God, for I will find there nothing but that which will discourage. My only hope is in looking to Jesus, daily "entering His rest" by faith, depending upon Him as my righteousness, my consolation, and my rejoicing (See SC 64-65. cf. Ps 51; Isa 6). As Ellen White writes,
A life in Christ is a life of restfulness. There may be no ecstasy of feeling, but there should be an abiding, peaceful trust. Your hope is not in yourself; it is in Christ. Your weakness is united to His strength, your ignorance to His wisdom, your frailty to His enduring might. We should not make self the center and indulge anxiety and fear as to whether we shall be saved. All this turns the soul away from the Source of our strength. Commit the keeping of your soul to God, and trust in Him. Talk and think of Jesus. Let self be lost in Him. Put away all doubt; dismiss your fears. . . . Rest in God. He is able to keep that which you have committed to Him. If you will leave yourself in His hands, He will bring you off more than conqueror through Him that has loved you (Steps to Christ, 70 72).
I rejoice that as I continue to keep resting in His grace, my eyes upon Christ my righteousness, the promised result is inevitable: my repentance will ever deepen, and at the same time, by beholding, I will become changed+"transformed into his likeness with ever increasing glory" (2 Cor 3:18; see COL 160; SC 65).
Other Dimensions of Sabbath Rest
The apostle assures us in Heb 4:10: "There remains therefore a sabbath-rest (sabbatismos) for the people of God." This Greek word sabbatismos refers not only to the spiritual rest of grace, but to an actual weekly observance of the seventh-day Sabbath. It implies a multidimensional rest available to God's people especially on the sabbath. I have found seven different dimensions of Sabbath rest highlighted by the various Hebrew verbs used to describe the Sabbath in the books of Moses. As we prepare to welcome the Sabbath in a few hours, I invite you to contemplate this multi-faceted rest.
We have already spoken of the spiritual rest. As a second facet, God also offers us physical rest: Gen 2:2 indicates that on the seventh day of creation week God "rested . . . from all His work which He had done." The verb for rest used here is shabbat, which means "to pause, to cease." In the fourth commandment we are invited to follow God's example, to pause, cease from our week-day work, and rest on the shabbat (Exod 20:10). For 24 golden hours we don't have to work! We are free from the tyranny of toil!
The fourth commandment also indicates that God rested mentally as well as physically. Vs. 11 reads that "In six days the Lord made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested the seventh day." The verb for "rest" used here is not shabbat, as in Gen 2, but nuach (related to the name Noah). It means to "be tranquil, in a state of repose and peace." After creating in six days, God sat back, as it were, in tranquil repose, mentally rejoicing in the world which He had created. On sabbath, He invites us into a third dimension of sabbath rest, to join in that mental tranquility, that sense of restful repose and peace! It was as a college student that I first began to appreciate this wonderful dimension of Sabbath rest. I studied hard for my classes all week, struggling to keep up with all the work teachers piled on, but on Sabbath my professors couldn't tyrannize me,I didn't have to study! I could experience mental rest. That blessing of mental rest on the Sabbath I now appreciate even more as a teacher!
In Exod 31 the Sabbath commandment is repeated, but here God adds a fourth dimension of Sabbath rest. Vs. 17 reads: "For in six days the Lord made the heavens and the earth, and on the seventh day He rested (shabbat) and was refreshed." The verb "was refreshed" literally means "took on new soul or life (nephesh)." On that first Sabbath, even though God obviously was not tired, yet the text indicates that He took on new life, new soul; He experienced emotional rest. On the Sabbath God longs to recharge our emotional battery, to refresh and restore our souls. In Matt 11:29, Jesus promises, "You shall find rest unto your souls." The Shepherd psalm indicates that God will "restore our soul" (Ps 23:3). The Greek word for "soul" is psuche, and one of the Greek words for "restore" or "heal" is iatria. When you say those two words together over and over, you realize that psuche iatria is the word "psychiatry!" Psychiatry is "the restoring or healing of the soul." I like to imagine that every Sabbath God offers me a free "psychiatric" session, compliments of the Great Psychiatrist who know just how to heal my soul! This emotional rest we can experience especially on the Sabbath, and its healing effects of emotional emotional refreshment will spill over into all the week.
Also in Exod 31, in vs. 16, God pronounces that "the children of Israel shall keep the Sabbath, to observe the Sabbath throughout their generations as a perpetual covenant." The word "observe" is literally "to make" ('asah), and is the same word used in the very next verse, "God made ('asah) the heavens and earth." Our sabbath rest is not one of slothful inaction. We are to "make" the Sabbath, as God made the heavens and the earth, with all the creativity and energy that God displayed in His creative process! God thus offers a fifth dimension of sabbath rest, creative, celebratory rest. The KJV captures the meaning by translating here, "to celebrate" the sabbath. God offers us a chance on the Sabbath to exuberantly celebrate His goodness!
As a sixth dimension of Sabbath rest, we go back to Gen 2:3, where we are told that God "blessed" the Sabbath. In Hebrew thought, for God to bless something is to empower it to fulfill the function for which it is designed. The sabbath is thus filled with power. We are empowered as we enter into His rest on the Sabbath. And that sabbatic empowerment spills out into all the other days of the week.
The seventh dimension of Sabbath rest is captured in Gen 2:3: "God sanctified (or made holy) the Sabbath day." How does God make something holy? How did He make the burning bush holy? How did He make the sanctuary holy? By His presence! So here we have an indication that the gift of Sabbath rest is not just the gift of a day, but the gift of a Person, filling the day with His loving presence! On the Sabbath God invites us into special intimate fellowship with Him, what I like to call "an all-day date with God." As we partake of intimate fellowship with Him on this day, the promise of Exod 31:13 comes true: "Surely my Sabbaths you shall keep, for it is a sign between Me and you. . . that you may know that I am the Lord who sanctifies you (makes you holy)." In fellowship with God on His holy day, we ourselves are made holy as well! And this intimate fellowship is not limited only to Sabbath. . .
The Heavenly Sanctuary and Present Experience of Rest
God's rest has one more dimension that we do not often consider. It is intriguing to notice that in the Old Testament the main noun for "rest" [Heb. menuchah; Gk. katapausis] also means "resting-place," and is equated with Mt. Zion (the city of Jerusalem), and in particular, with the place of God's throne in the sanctuary or temple. Listen to Ps 132:8, 13,14: "Arise, O LORD, into thy rest [or 'resting-place'; Heb. menuchah; Gk., katapausis]; you, and the ark of your strength. . . .For the LORD has chosen Zion; he has desired it for his habitation. This is my rest [or 'resting-place'; Heb. menuchah; Gk., katapausis] for ever: here will I dwell; for I have desired it" (KJV). God's "rest" or "resting-place" is Zion (i.e., Jerusalem), and more specifically, the place where the ark, representing his throne, was located, i.e., the sanctuary.
In light of this OT background, it is no wonder that the epistle to the Hebrews, immediately after mentioning the sabbath rest in Hebrews 4, invites us to "come boldly to the throne of grace [in the heavenly sanctuary, God's "resting place"], that we may obtain mercy and find grace to help in time of need" (Heb 4:16). This is not just a metaphor for prayer. We are invited to actually come to the throne of grace in the heavenly sanctuary by faith. Three more times in the epistle this invitation is given. Heb 6:19-20: "This hope we have an anchor of the soul, both sure and steadfast, and which enters the Presence behind the veil, where the forerunner has entered for us, even Jesus, having become High Priest forever according to the order of Melchizedek" (Heb 6:19, 20). Our hope enters into the heavenly sanctuary, where Jesus is!
Again, Heb 10:19-22: "Therefore brethren, having boldness to enter the [heavenly] sanctuary by the blood of Jesus, by a new and living way which He has inaugurated for us, through the veil, that is, His flesh, . . .let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith, having our hearts sprinkled form an evil conscience and our bodies washed with pure water." We are called to boldly enter his place of rest, the heavenly sanctuary, by faith. Finally, Heb 12:22-24: "But you have come [not will come, but have already come!] to Mount Zion and to the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, to an innumerable company of angels, to the general assembly and church of the firstborn who are registered in heaven, to God the Judge of all, to the spirits of just men made perfect, to Jesus the Mediator of the new covenant, and to the blood of sprinkling that speaks better things than that of Abel." According to this four-fold repetition of the apostle in Hebrews, we are invited now, by faith, to enter God's rest (i.e., his "resting-place") in heavenly Mount Zion and the heavenly sanctuary!
I believe we as a people who are called to proclaim the sanctuary message to the world, have too often missed out on this deep experience of heavenly sanctuary "rest" that the book of Hebrews describes. We have frequently taken these passages merely as metaphors for prayer or some other spiritual discipline. But I believe these passages repeatedly call us to consider that we actually COME by faith into the heavenly sanctuary, that by faith we have ALREADY come to Mt. Zion, the heavenly Jerusalem. In these passages there is a call to more than metaphorical lip-service to the sanctuary doctrine. More than a call to "sanctuary prayer." I hear an invitation to what I like to call "sanctuary life!" When faced with difficulties here on earth, when the first elder speaks against you, or the next-door neighbor turns on you, or financial woes weigh you down, whatever the pressures of life, you want to get away? You can,you can enter God's rest, you can come to His "resting-place" in the heavenly sanctuary! You can now live by faith a life of rest and joy with the angelic host in heavenly Mt. Zion!
Notice that the experience of entering God's heavenly rest (or resting-place) is a transforming experience! The "rest of grace" is the source of "mercy and grace to help in time of need" (Heb 4:16); it is an "anchor of the soul" (Heb 6:19); it is connected with the privilege of "having our hearts sprinkled form an evil conscience and our bodies washed with pure water" (Heb 10:22); it is vitally linked with joyous celebration and worship in the presence of "an innumerable company of angels" (Heb 12:22).
In a word, Jesus, the New Joshua, makes available to us the antitypical fulfillment of all that was implied in God's rest in the history of ancient Israel. We can come by faith to the heavenly Canaan (Heb 12:22-24); we conduct spiritual warfare against our spiritual enemies (Eph 6:10-17); and we receive our spiritual inheritance (Acts 20:32; Eph 1:11, 14, 18); and, praise God, we enjoy the spiritual rest of grace in His presence (Heb 4:9-11; cf. The Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary, 2:928)!
The Final Glorious Entrance into God's Rest
What is ours to enjoy now as a faith experience of entering God's rest, will one day reach its ultimate fulfillment in connection with the Second Advent and beyond. The author of Hebrews points to God's "rest" not only as a present experience but as a future hope: "Let us therefore be diligent to enter that rest" (Heb 4:11). Ellen White beautifully expresses the connection between the present and future rest:
As through Jesus we enter into rest, heaven begins here. We respond to His invitation, Come, learn of Me, and in thus coming we begin the life eternal. Heaven is a ceaseless approaching to God through Christ. The longer we are in the heaven of bliss, the more and still more of glory will be opened to us; and the more we know of God, the more intense will be our happiness. As we walk with Jesus in this life, we may be filled with His love, satisfied with His presence. All that human nature can bear, we may receive here. But what is this compared with the hereafter? There "are they before the throne of God, and serve Him day and night in His temple: and He that sitteth on the throne shall dwell among them. They shall hunger no more, neither thirst any more; neither shall the sun light on them, nor any heat. For the Lamb which is in the midst of the throne shall feed them, and shall lead them unto living fountains of waters: and God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes." Rev. 7:15 17 (DA 331.3).
At the Second Advent of Christ we will find literal entry into the Promised Land,heaven, and after 1000 years, the New Earth (Rev 20:9; 21:3). There will be the final literal conquest of the enemies of God in the Promised Land (the wicked, described as Gog and Magog in Rev 20:7-10; cf. Zechariah 14 and Ezekiel 38-39). In the world-wide Canaan of the New Earth we can enjoy our ultimate inheritance (Matt 25:34; Col 3:24; Rev 21:7). And yes, we will enter God's glorious eternal rest! May that day come soon!! Amen.
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